THE GOSPEL ACCORDING TO MARK

1. THE GOSPEL ACCORDING TO MARK

1.1. Introduction to Translation

This translation of the book is New Translation, LAI is structured like a short story, in such a way that the reader can experience the story in its entirety. Paragraph division generally marks a change of place, speakers or the conclusion of a conflict. Everything is intended to clarify the elements of dialogue, action and movements in the story. The rhetorical means in this book support the creation of tension and the dramatic character of the story. This translation is intended to be shared, the author advises the reader to read the entire story.

1.2. Mark's Gospel

The Gospel of Mark is a book that tells about Jesus Christ as the Son of God, which is marked by various miracles that Jesus did. And Jesus also proved that He would die and rise again on the third day.

2. Rhetoric

Rhetoric is questions about 'how' a story is told so that it has a certain impact on the reader. In a brief study of the whole story, we can only describe elements of rhetorical techniques such as speakers, storytelling styles and narrative patterns. Yet an understanding of these rhetorical techniques plays an important role in interpreting each episode. Likewise our analysis of rhetoric is useful in further discussion of other facets of the story.

2.1. Narrator

“Narrator is a literary term for the narrator. The narrator is not an author but a rhetorical apparatus with which the author tells the story and tells it in a certain way. There are several types of narrators, the narrator may be a protagonist (main character) in the story or may also be an insignificant character in the story. There is another type of narrator, namely those who are not characters in the story, they are also called all-knowing narrators. The striking features of the narrator in Mark's Gospel are as follows: the narrator does not appear in the events of the story in the story; speaking in the third person; in telling stories are not bound by time and place; fully present imperceptibly in every scene; able to be everywhere to “tell” events that occurred; appear as all-knowing by conveying thoughts, feelings and sensory experiences to the characters.

~The Narrator in Mark's Gospel is the All-Knowing Narrator

The rhetorical characteristic of an all-knowing narrator with unlimited knowledge is consistently maintained in Mark's Gospel narrative. A simple exercise will show you the difference between an omniscient role and a first-person narrator.

~Narrator is not bound by time and place

The narrator of the Gospel of Mark tells the story using the past tense, the narrator in the Gospel of Mark is not limited by place.

~The Narrator Tells "What's Inside" the Minds of the Characters

In Mark's Gospel the narrator also expresses the characters' deepest feelings: compassion, anger, wonder, fear, sadness, admiration, or love; Likewise, the narrator tells the times when the characters are confused, happy, afraid, or upset.

~ Narrator Speaks to Readers in “Whispering”

In Mark's Gospel most of the narrator's stories continue to relate the dialogue, thoughts and actions of the characters. In Mark's Gospel story the "whispers" feel like interruptions in the midst of describing events.

~ Narrator Speaks from a Specific Ideological Point of View

If the narrator is an all-knowing narrator and does not appear in the story, the reader tends to become oblivious to the prejudices, values and principles of the narrator's worldview.

~ Narrator Controls Distance

The relationship that the narrator builds with the reader is different from the relationship formed by the narrator between the reader and the characters of the story. With such a story, the narrator invites the reader to take a distance or identify with different characters.

~ Narrator Sets Events

The narrator arranges the events in the narrative appear in the order of the stories that the narrator arranges without following chronological order.

2.2. Point of View and Judgment Benchmark

Point of view is one element that is closely related to the narrator. The “point of view” in a narrative is expressed in the following ways: the value system and ideological belief system of the narrator and each character; a distinctive style of speaking that reveals the identity of the speaker; from where and when the narrator or character views something; and mental actions or emotional states such as thoughts, feelings or experiences.

2.3. Storytelling Style

Storytelling style is an integral part of the rhetoric of a story. The storytelling style of Mark's Gospel is simple, the words used are concrete and not abstract.

2.4. Narrative Pattern

Narrative pattern aAs readers know that as the process goes on iteratively, some of the most interesting elements of Mark's Gospel narrative are the rhetorical means used to organize and structure the story.

2.5. Other Literary Characteristics

There are several other features of rhetorical literature in Mark's Gospel narrative that need attention in interpretation, including:

2.5.1. Riddles or Parables

That is, a character tells a strange story or conveys a dream whose meaning is hidden in parables.

2.5.2. Quotes from Writings

That is to give instructions to the reader to understand the meaning of the story through quotations.

2.5.3. Prophecies

Some of the prophecies in the story are quoted from the writings of the characters in the story.

2.5.4. Irony

One of the dominant characteristics of Mark's Gospel story is irony, in Mark's Gospel story there are two types of irony, namely verbal irony and situational irony.

3. BACKGROUND

The setting of a story is the context for the conflicts and actions of the characters.

3.1. Street

Travel provides a systematic structure for stories

3.2. Places Reminiscent of the Past

The setting in the Book of Mark creates a certain atmosphere in the story being discussed, also creates conflicts and reveals the identity of the characters. The setting is: rivers, deserts, seas, and mountains.

3.3. Private and Public Background

In Mark's Gospel story the setting provides a personal atmosphere or place for Jesus and His Disciples.

3.4. Movement Patterns

Movement patterns in Mark's Gospel story can be seen from: Galilee, Jesus' Journey to Jerusalem.

3.5. End of Journey

Jerusalem and the Temple, Jerusalem was the Capital of Israel, the large temple complex was the center of power for the high priests and scribes to dominate the city.

4. STORY PLAN

Some events from the storyline form the background or context for the story, while other events form a series of actions or actions that are at the same time the foreground of the story.

4.1. Background and Origins of the conflict: God's Reign

The direct cause of the conflicts, but the story shows that it is actually God who is the ultimate originator of many of the actions and events in the story.

4.2. Jesus Against the Forces of the Evil Spirit and Nature

In the Gospel of Mark Jesus fought the forces of evil spirits when He was tempted by the devil in the wilderness, and the victor was Jesus.

4.3 Jesus Against Rulers

In the Gospel of Mark Jesus' conflict with the rulers continues to be in tension, the conflict is not resolved until the end of the story. Because of His righteousness and Wisdom, Jesus proved to be a Victor.

4.4 Jesus Against the Disciples

In Mark's gospel Jesus put the disciples into a conflict situation by calling them to follow Him and expecting many from them, Jesus hoped that they would become fishers of men and that they would understand Jesus and have strong faith.

5. Characters

The characters are the central element of the story world, the analysis of the characters in Mark's Gospel story cannot but overlap with the analysis of conflicts.

5.1. Jesus

In Mark's Gospel story the central figure is Jesus, because from the beginning of the story it is said that Jesus is the 'Christ', the Son of God.

5.2. The rulers

The enemies in Mark's Gospel account include the Jews as well as the Gentile rulers in Israel, namely: the Scribes, Pharisees, Herodians, Elders, Chief Priests and, High Priests, Sanhedrin, Sadducees, Soldiers, Gentiles (Romans), and Pilate.

5.3. Disciples

In Mark's Gospel account the disciples refer to the twelve whom Jesus chose to follow Him.

5.4. Dina's People

In contrast to both the opponents and the Disciples, the Dinah characters in the Gospels consistently practiced God's government.